Explain this page
Arphra AIPlain-English read on NVIDIA Corporation’s valuationRatios & metrics
Profitability, returns on capital, growth, and credit — all derived from the historical income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow rows in our data warehouse.
Valuation multiples
Price- and EV-based multiples plus shareholder yields. Snapshot at each fiscal year-end from key_metrics (FMP).
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Headline | |||||||||
| Market cap | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Enterprise value | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Multiples | |||||||||
| P / E | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P / B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / Sales | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / FCF | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yields | |||||||||
| Earnings yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Profitability
Margin structure across the last 5 fiscal years
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Margins | |||||||||
| Gross margin | +64.93% | +56.93% | +72.72% | +74.99% | +71.07% | +74.11% | +73.48% | +74.31% | +74.75% |
| Operating margin | +37.31% | +15.66% | +54.12% | +62.42% | +60.38% | +60.38% | +58.03% | +58.56% | +60.72% |
| EBITDA margin | +42.18% | +22.19% | +58.41% | +66.01% | +66.94% | +63.88% | +63.88% | +62.32% | +63.51% |
| EBIT margin | +37.81% | +16.47% | +55.93% | +64.58% | +65.62% | +61.42% | +63.51% | +62.64% | +63.27% |
| Pre-tax margin | +36.94% | +15.50% | +55.51% | +64.39% | +65.50% | +61.53% | +61.68% | +63.30% | +60.92% |
| Net margin | +36.23% | +16.19% | +48.85% | +55.85% | +55.60% | +54.60% | +52.39% | +52.96% | +53.65% |
| Cost structure | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue / sales | +35.07% | +43.07% | +27.28% | +25.01% | +28.93% | +27.35% | +27.66% | +26.99% | +26.58% |
| R&D intensity | +19.57% | +27.21% | +14.24% | +9.90% | +8.57% | +10.94% | +11.01% | +10.77% | +11.22% |
| SG&A intensity | +8.05% | +9.05% | +4.36% | +2.68% | +2.12% | +3.01% | +3.14% | +3.03% | +3.09% |
| Effective tax rate | +1.90% | -4.47% | +12.00% | +13.26% | +15.12% | +13.74% | +13.44% | +12.83% | +13.87% |
Returns on capital
ROE / ROA / ROC / ROIC over the relevant capital base, plus the 3-step DuPont decomposition of ROE.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Returns | |||||||||
| Return on equity (ROE) | +36.65% | +19.76% | +69.24% | +91.87% | +76.33% | +81.68% | +78.34% | +79.52% | +77.67% |
| Return on assets (ROA) | +22.07% | +10.61% | +45.28% | +65.30% | +58.06% | +57.97% | +53.71% | +53.35% | +56.35% |
| Return on capital (ROC) | +26.12% | +12.38% | +61.02% | +90.91% | +77.29% | +77.91% | +74.79% | +76.06% | +76.23% |
| Return on invested capital (ROIC) | +25.37% | +12.80% | +55.08% | +81.34% | +71.17% | +70.46% | +67.53% | +68.78% | +67.36% |
| Asset turnover | +60.91% | +65.50% | +92.69% | +116.93% | +104.42% | +106.18% | +102.51% | +100.75% | +105.03% |
| DuPont · ROE decomposition | |||||||||
| Net margin | +36.23% | +16.19% | +48.85% | +55.85% | +55.60% | +54.60% | +52.39% | +52.96% | +53.65% |
| Asset turnover (× revenue / assets) | +60.91% | +65.50% | +92.69% | +116.93% | +104.42% | +106.18% | +102.51% | +100.75% | +105.03% |
| Equity multiplier (× assets / equity) | +166.04% | +186.34% | +152.93% | +140.68% | +131.48% | +140.90% | +145.87% | +149.04% | +137.83% |
Activity & efficiency
Turnover ratios and days-outstanding — how efficiently the business converts assets and working capital into sales and cash.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnover | |||||||||
| Asset turnover | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.93 | 1.17 | 1.04 | 1.06 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 1.05 |
| Fixed-asset turnover | 7.46 | 5.57 | 11.58 | 16.16 | 16.30 | — | — | — | — |
| Inventory turnover | 3.62 | 2.25 | 3.15 | 3.24 | 2.92 | — | — | — | — |
| Receivables turnover | 5.79 | 7.05 | 6.09 | 5.66 | 5.61 | — | — | — | — |
| Payables turnover | 5.29 | 9.74 | 6.16 | 5.17 | 6.37 | — | — | — | — |
| Days outstanding | |||||||||
| Days sales outstanding (DSO) | 63.06 | 51.79 | 59.91 | 64.51 | 65.02 | — | — | — | — |
| Days inventory outstanding (DIO) | 100.73 | 162.08 | 115.99 | 112.72 | 125.04 | — | — | — | — |
| Days payables outstanding (DPO) | 68.95 | 37.48 | 59.27 | 70.56 | 57.33 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash conversion cycle | 94.85 | 176.38 | 116.63 | 106.67 | 132.74 | — | — | — | — |
Cash flow quality
How well reported earnings translate into operating and free cash flow, plus reinvestment intensity.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating CF / Net income | 0.93 | 1.29 | 0.94 | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.87 | 0.89 | 0.91 | 0.87 |
| FCF / Net income | 0.83 | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.83 | 0.81 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
| FCF margin | +30.21% | +14.12% | +44.35% | +46.63% | +44.77% | +45.96% | +44.94% | +45.68% | +46.17% |
| OCF margin | +33.84% | +20.91% | +46.11% | +49.11% | +47.57% | +47.37% | +46.51% | +48.13% | +46.42% |
| CapEx / Revenue | +3.63% | +6.80% | +1.75% | +2.48% | +2.80% | +2.40% | +2.39% | +2.30% | +2.30% |
| CapEx / D&A | 0.83 | 1.19 | 0.71 | 1.74 | 2.13 | — | — | — | — |
| Stock-based comp / Revenue | +7.45% | +10.04% | +5.83% | +3.63% | +2.96% | — | — | — | — |
Per-share & shareholder yield
EPS, book value, sales, cash flow and dividends per share — plus payout / retention.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPS · diluted | 0.38 | 0.17 | 1.19 | 2.94 | 4.90 | 8.87 | 12.37 | 14.26 | 12.29 |
| EPS · basic | 0.39 | 0.18 | 1.21 | 2.97 | 4.93 | 8.92 | 12.68 | 14.54 | 12.60 |
| Book value / share | 1.05 | 0.88 | 1.72 | 3.20 | 6.44 | 10.63 | 15.16 | 17.99 | 19.33 |
| Tangible BV / share | 0.79 | 0.64 | 1.50 | 2.96 | 5.45 | 10.63 | 15.16 | 17.99 | 19.33 |
| Sales / share | 1.06 | 1.08 | 2.44 | 5.26 | 8.84 | 15.91 | 22.67 | 27.02 | 27.98 |
| Operating CF / share | 0.36 | 0.23 | 1.13 | 2.58 | 4.20 | 7.53 | 10.55 | 13.00 | 12.99 |
| Free cash flow / share | 0.32 | 0.15 | 1.08 | 2.45 | 3.96 | 7.31 | 10.19 | 12.34 | 12.92 |
| Dividends / share | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.16 |
| Payout ratio | +4.09% | +9.11% | +1.33% | +1.14% | +0.81% | +1.06% | +1.09% | +1.12% | +1.08% |
| Retention ratio | +95.91% | +90.89% | +98.67% | +98.86% | +99.19% | +98.94% | +98.91% | +98.88% | +98.92% |
Growth
Year-over-year change for headline P&L lines, plus through-cycle CAGR
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E | 8y CAGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top-line | ||||||||||
| Revenue · YoY | — | +0.22% | +125.85% | +114.20% | +65.47% | +80.30% | +41.49% | +19.94% | +3.84% | +49.90% |
| Gross profit · YoY | — | -12.13% | +188.49% | +120.89% | +56.82% | +88.03% | +40.28% | +21.31% | +4.44% | +52.56% |
| Profit | ||||||||||
| Operating income · YoY | — | -57.93% | +680.59% | +147.04% | +60.08% | +80.28% | +35.99% | +21.05% | +7.66% | +59.31% |
| EBITDA · YoY | — | -47.26% | +494.44% | +142.07% | +67.82% | +72.06% | +41.47% | +17.01% | +5.82% | +57.77% |
| Net income · YoY | — | -55.21% | +581.32% | +144.89% | +64.75% | +77.05% | +35.77% | +21.24% | +5.20% | +57.44% |
| Operating | ||||||||||
| EBIT · YoY | — | -56.34% | +666.94% | +147.32% | +68.15% | +68.75% | +46.29% | +18.31% | +4.88% | +59.86% |
| R&D · YoY | — | +39.31% | +18.20% | +48.86% | +43.23% | +130.29% | +42.44% | +17.28% | +8.15% | +39.82% |
| Per-share | ||||||||||
| EPS · diluted · YoY | — | -55.26% | +600.00% | +147.06% | +66.67% | +81.09% | +39.40% | +15.26% | -13.79% | +54.43% |
| EPS · basic · YoY | — | -53.85% | +572.22% | +145.45% | +65.99% | +80.90% | +42.13% | +14.67% | -13.34% | +54.40% |
Credit & leverage
Balance-sheet health + interest coverage + liquidity. Coverage ratios use period-end debt and trailing interest expense.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | FY 2026 | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 2030E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leverage | |||||||||
| Total debt | $11.83B | $12.03B | $11.06B | $10.27B | $11.41B | $41.46B | $59.01B | $68.68B | $72.58B |
| Net debt | $9.84B | $8.64B | $3.78B | $1.68B | $807M | $11.82B | $16.08B | $16.91B | $20.28B |
| Net debt / EBITDA | 0.87 | 1.44 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
| Debt / equity | 0.44 | 0.54 | 0.26 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.15 |
| Debt / assets | +26.77% | +29.21% | +16.82% | +9.20% | +5.52% | +11.31% | +10.98% | +10.47% | +11.11% |
| Equity / assets | +60.23% | +53.67% | +65.39% | +71.08% | +76.06% | +70.97% | +68.55% | +67.09% | +72.55% |
| Coverage | |||||||||
| EBITDA / interest expense | 48.10 | 22.85 | 138.46 | 348.73 | 558.12 | 255.98 | 258.20 | 260.67 | 266.17 |
| Operating income / interest | 42.55 | 16.12 | 128.30 | 329.77 | 503.42 | 241.93 | 234.56 | 244.98 | 254.48 |
| Interest expense | $236M | $262M | $257M | $247M | $259M | $971.65M | $1.36B | $1.58B | $1.64B |
| Liquidity | |||||||||
| Current ratio | 6.65 | 3.52 | 4.17 | 4.44 | 3.91 | — | — | — | — |
| Quick ratio | 5.96 | 2.61 | 3.38 | 3.67 | 3.14 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash ratio | 0.46 | 0.52 | 0.68 | 0.48 | 0.33 | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital | $24.49B | $16.51B | $33.71B | $62.08B | $93.44B | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital / revenue | +91.01% | +61.21% | +55.34% | +47.57% | +43.27% | — | — | — | — |
Methodology. ROE / ROA / ROC use period-end balance-sheet denominators (no average-of- period smoothing). ROIC = Operating Income × (1 − inferred effective tax rate) over invested capital, with the effective tax inferred from net-to-operating income when both are positive and a 25% default otherwise. Net debt / EBITDA, debt ratios, and interest-coverage ratios are calculated point-in-time at each fiscal year-end. TTM = trailing 4 quarters (income / cash flow summed, balance sheet = most-recent quarterly snapshot). Through-cycle CAGR in the Growth panel uses the geometric mean of first-to-last period growth across the window (positive values only).