Overview
Discounted cash flow
Income / accounting-based
Multiples & assets
Scenario
Toolbox
Weighted blend
$1,415.25
+186.50% vs spot
Strong Buy
Spot price
$493.98
Mkt cap $436.47B
subtle cardAnalyst PT consensus
$657.38
+33.08% vs spot
subtle cardMethods covered
18 / 20
9 in blend
subtle cardFootball field
MA · fair-value range by method
Method comparison
MA · fair value by valuation framework
| Method | Category | Fair value | Range | vs spot | Weight | Driver | Conf. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DCF · FCFF | dcf | $10,105.90 | $2,912.15 – $11,446.76 | +1945.81% | 6.0% | WACC 4.4%, g₀=25.0%, gₗ=3.9% | high |
| DCF · FCFE | dcf | $1,177.30 | $819.35 – $1,815.55 | +138.33% | 11.9% | kₑ 7.8%, g₀=25.0%, gₗ=3.9% | high |
| DDM · Gordon | ddm | $82.69 | $65.82 – $111.18 | -83.26% | 11.9% | D₁ 3.10, kₑ 7.8%, gₗ 3.9% | med |
| DDM · H-model | ddm | $166.44 | $122.99 – $239.84 | -66.31% | — | D₀ 3.10, g₀=25.0%, gₗ=3.9%, H 5y | med |
| DDM · multi-stage | ddm | $130.50 | $110.92 – $150.07 | -73.58% | 11.9% | 5y schedule 25.0% → 3.9%, kₑ 7.8% | high |
| Residual income | income | $117.94 | $103.78 – $132.09 | -76.13% | 21.4% | BV 8.72, ROE 193.2% → kₑ | high |
| EVA / MVA | income | $8,117.84 | $7,143.70 – $9,091.98 | +1543.35% | 7.1% | IC 16.2B, WACC 4.4% | high |
| Excess returns | income | $143.57 | $126.34 – $160.80 | -70.94% | 14.3% | BV 8.72, ROE 193.2% | high |
| P/E · sector | multiple | $231.28 | $203.53 – $259.03 | -53.18% | 9.5% | EPS 16.52 × peer P/E 14.0 | med |
| P/S · sector | multiple | $110.80 | $94.18 – $127.42 | -77.57% | — | Rev/sh 36.93 × peer P/S 3.00 | med |
| EV / EBITDA | multiple | $217.94 | $191.79 – $244.10 | -55.88% | — | EBITDA × peer 10.0× − ND 8.4B | high |
| EV / EBIT | multiple | $252.72 | $214.81 – $290.62 | -48.84% | — | EBIT × peer 12.0× − ND | med |
| EV / Sales | multiple | $84.68 | $71.98 – $97.38 | -82.86% | — | Sales × peer 2.55× − ND | med |
| PEG-anchored | multiple | $315.61 | $268.27 – $362.95 | -36.11% | — | PEG=1, fwd EPS g 19.1% | med |
| Earnings power | intrinsic | $386.04 | $339.71 – $432.36 | -21.85% | — | NOPAT / WACC, no growth | med |
| Graham revised | intrinsic | $790.44 | $671.88 – $909.01 | +60.01% | — | EPS×(8.5+2g)·4.4/Y | low |
| Lynch P/E=g | intrinsic | $413.00 | $351.05 – $474.95 | -16.39% | — | PE = g (25.0) | low |
| Book NAV | asset | $8.72 | $8.29 – $9.16 | -98.23% | 6.0% | (Assets − Liabilities) / Shares | high |
| Liquidation | asset | — | — | — | — | Cash 100% + non-cash 70% − Liab. | low |
| Reverse DCF | reverse | — | — | — | — | Implied g -20.0% · Pessimistic — market pricing decline | high |
Cost-of-capital build-up
CAPM cost of equity, after-tax cost of debt, WACC. Risk-free as of 2026-05-12.
| Risk-free rate (US 10y Treasury)rf | 4.46% |
| Equity beta (0.76)β | × 0.76 |
| Equity risk premiumERP | 4.46% |
| Cost of equity (CAPM)kₑ | 7.85% |
| Pre-tax cost of debtkd | 3.80% |
| Effective tax ratet | 19.6% |
| After-tax cost of debt | 3.06% |
| Equity weight$7.7B | 29.0% |
| Debt weight$19.0B | 71.0% |
| WACC | 4.44% |
Growth assumptions
Blended forward growth used as DCF default; terminal pegged to long-run nominal GDP.
| Analyst forward revenue growthFMP | 13.09% |
| Analyst forward EPS growthFMP | 19.10% |
| Historical 5y revenue CAGRFY | 14.79% |
| Historical 5y EPS CAGRFY | 17.19% |
| Sustainable g (ROE × retention)Δ | 157.66% |
| Blended near-term growth (g₀) | 25.00% |
| Terminal growth (gₗ) | 3.94% |
Sources
- FMP /analyst-estimates— 8 rows(as of 2023-12-31)
- Treasury rates · 10y— 4.46% rf(as of 2026-05-12)
- market_risk_premium · DB— 4.46% ERP(as of 2026-05-13)
- Sector multiple defaults— Financial Services (live sector PE unavailable)
- FMP /price-target-consensus— mean $657.38
This page is generated by a quantitative valuation engine for research purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. Methodology follows standard CFA / Damodaran frameworks; assumptions are driven by analyst consensus from Financial Modeling Prep and reported financial statements.