Ratios & metrics
Profitability, returns on capital, growth, and credit — all derived from the historical income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow rows in our data warehouse.
Valuation multiples
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Headline | |||
| Market cap | — | — | — |
| Enterprise value | — | — | — |
| Multiples | |||
| P / E | — | — | — |
| P / B | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — | — |
| EV / Sales | — | — | — |
| EV / FCF | — | — | — |
| Yields | |||
| Earnings yield | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow yield | — | — | — |
| Dividend yield | — | — | — |
Profitability
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Margins | |||
| Gross margin | — | — | — |
| Operating margin | — | — | — |
| EBITDA margin | — | — | — |
| EBIT margin | — | — | — |
| Pre-tax margin | — | — | — |
| Net margin | — | — | — |
| Cost structure | |||
| Cost of revenue / sales | — | — | — |
| R&D intensity | — | — | — |
| SG&A intensity | — | — | — |
| Effective tax rate | — | — | — |
Returns on capital
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Returns | |||
| Return on equity (ROE) | — | — | — |
| Return on assets (ROA) | — | — | — |
| Return on capital (ROC) | — | — | — |
| Return on invested capital (ROIC) | — | — | — |
| Asset turnover | — | — | — |
| DuPont · ROE decomposition | |||
| Net margin | — | — | — |
| Asset turnover (× revenue / assets) | — | — | — |
| Equity multiplier (× assets / equity) | — | — | — |
Activity & efficiency
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Turnover | |||
| Asset turnover | — | — | — |
| Fixed-asset turnover | — | — | — |
| Inventory turnover | — | — | — |
| Receivables turnover | — | — | — |
| Payables turnover | — | — | — |
| Days outstanding | |||
| Days sales outstanding (DSO) | — | — | — |
| Days inventory outstanding (DIO) | — | — | — |
| Days payables outstanding (DPO) | — | — | — |
| Cash conversion cycle | — | — | — |
Cash flow quality
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Operating CF / Net income | — | — | — |
| FCF / Net income | — | — | — |
| FCF margin | — | — | — |
| OCF margin | — | — | — |
| CapEx / Revenue | — | — | — |
| CapEx / D&A | — | — | — |
| Stock-based comp / Revenue | — | — | — |
Per-share & shareholder yield
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| EPS · diluted | 1.23 | 1.36 | 1.48 |
| EPS · basic | — | — | — |
| Book value / share | — | — | — |
| Tangible BV / share | — | — | — |
| Sales / share | — | — | — |
| Operating CF / share | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow / share | — | — | — |
| Dividends / share | — | — | — |
| Payout ratio | — | — | — |
| Retention ratio | — | — | — |
Growth
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2y CAGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top-line | ||||
| Revenue · YoY | — | +4.31% | +4.70% | +4.51% |
| Gross profit · YoY | — | — | — | — |
| Profit | ||||
| Operating income · YoY | — | — | — | — |
| EBITDA · YoY | — | — | — | — |
| Net income · YoY | — | — | — | — |
| Operating | ||||
| EBIT · YoY | — | — | — | — |
| R&D · YoY | — | — | — | — |
| Per-share | ||||
| EPS · diluted · YoY | — | +11.07% | +8.38% | +9.72% |
| EPS · basic · YoY | — | — | — | — |
Credit & leverage
| In USD | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E |
|---|---|---|---|
| Leverage | |||
| Total debt | — | — | — |
| Net debt | — | — | — |
| Net debt / EBITDA | — | — | — |
| Debt / equity | — | — | — |
| Debt / assets | — | — | — |
| Equity / assets | — | — | — |
| Coverage | |||
| EBITDA / interest expense | — | — | — |
| Operating income / interest | — | — | — |
| Interest expense | — | — | — |
| Liquidity | |||
| Current ratio | — | — | — |
| Quick ratio | — | — | — |
| Cash ratio | — | — | — |
| Working capital | — | — | — |
| Working capital / revenue | — | — | — |
Methodology. ROE / ROA / ROC use period-end balance-sheet denominators (no average-of- period smoothing). ROIC = Operating Income × (1 − inferred effective tax rate) over invested capital, with the effective tax inferred from net-to-operating income when both are positive and a 25% default otherwise. Net debt / EBITDA, debt ratios, and interest-coverage ratios are calculated point-in-time at each fiscal year-end. TTM = trailing 4 quarters (income / cash flow summed, balance sheet = most-recent quarterly snapshot). Through-cycle CAGR in the Growth panel uses the geometric mean of first-to-last period growth across the window (positive values only).