Explain this page
Arphra AIPlain-English read on Prudential Financial, Inc.’s valuationRatios & metrics
Profitability, returns on capital, growth, and credit — all derived from the historical income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow rows in our data warehouse.
Valuation multiples
Price- and EV-based multiples plus shareholder yields. Snapshot at each fiscal year-end from key_metrics (FMP).
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Headline | |||||||||
| Market cap | — | — | — | $42.37B | $39.71B | — | — | — | — |
| Enterprise value | — | — | — | $52.24B | $42.96B | — | — | — | — |
| Multiples | |||||||||
| P / E | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P / B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / Sales | — | — | — | 0.74 | 0.71 | — | — | — | — |
| EV / FCF | — | — | — | 6.14 | 6.85 | — | — | — | — |
| Yields | |||||||||
| Earnings yield | — | — | — | +6.44% | +9.01% | — | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow yield | — | — | — | +20.06% | +15.79% | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Profitability
Margin structure across the last 5 fiscal years
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Margins | |||||||||
| Gross margin | +39.75% | +20.86% | +32.35% | +24.79% | +42.04% | +32.95% | +33.91% | +32.73% | +32.78% |
| Operating margin | +15.23% | -3.32% | +5.66% | +4.54% | +7.87% | +5.90% | +5.95% | +5.97% | +5.95% |
| EBITDA margin | +15.52% | -3.11% | +5.53% | +5.08% | +8.08% | +6.06% | +6.39% | +6.31% | +6.17% |
| EBIT margin | +15.23% | -3.32% | +5.66% | +4.54% | +7.87% | +6.14% | +6.19% | +6.18% | +5.85% |
| Pre-tax margin | +15.37% | -3.43% | +5.75% | +4.74% | +7.87% | +6.10% | +6.05% | +6.07% | +6.07% |
| Net margin | +12.46% | -2.89% | +4.58% | +3.86% | +5.88% | +4.75% | +4.78% | +4.66% | +4.71% |
| Cost structure | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue / sales | +60.25% | +79.14% | +67.65% | +75.21% | +57.96% | +65.33% | +68.51% | +67.82% | +65.31% |
| R&D intensity | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| SG&A intensity | +19.13% | +22.07% | +23.87% | +18.88% | +21.41% | +20.81% | +20.85% | +21.44% | +20.90% |
| Effective tax rate | +18.25% | — | +19.64% | +15.12% | +22.01% | +18.89% | +19.21% | +19.21% | +18.84% |
Returns on capital
ROE / ROA / ROC / ROIC over the relevant capital base, plus the 3-step DuPont decomposition of ROE.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Returns | |||||||||
| Return on equity (ROE) | +14.16% | -5.16% | +8.33% | +9.05% | +10.05% | +9.24% | +9.22% | +8.81% | +9.09% |
| Return on assets (ROA) | +0.95% | -0.24% | +0.34% | +0.37% | +0.46% | +0.39% | +0.39% | +0.38% | +0.39% |
| Return on capital (ROC) | +13.18% | -3.57% | +6.05% | +6.21% | +6.95% | +6.32% | +6.40% | +6.39% | +6.45% |
| Return on invested capital (ROIC) | +10.78% | -2.68% | +4.90% | +5.28% | +5.19% | +5.09% | +5.14% | +4.98% | +5.10% |
| Asset turnover | +7.59% | +8.27% | +7.52% | +9.61% | +7.85% | +8.14% | +8.15% | +8.13% | +8.25% |
| DuPont · ROE decomposition | |||||||||
| Net margin | +12.46% | -2.89% | +4.58% | +3.86% | +5.88% | +4.75% | +4.78% | +4.66% | +4.71% |
| Asset turnover (× revenue / assets) | +7.59% | +8.27% | +7.52% | +9.61% | +7.85% | +8.14% | +8.15% | +8.13% | +8.25% |
| Equity multiplier (× assets / equity) | +1497.54% | +2158.68% | +2414.02% | +2441.70% | +2174.59% | +2389.15% | +2366.63% | +2326.12% | +2340.12% |
Activity & efficiency
Turnover ratios and days-outstanding — how efficiently the business converts assets and working capital into sales and cash.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnover | |||||||||
| Asset turnover | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Fixed-asset turnover | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Inventory turnover | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Receivables turnover | — | 3.00 | 1.92 | 1.83 | 1.27 | — | — | — | — |
| Payables turnover | — | 7.87 | 2.33 | 3.11 | 1.87 | — | — | — | — |
| Days outstanding | |||||||||
| Days sales outstanding (DSO) | — | 121.65 | 190.02 | 199.07 | 288.23 | — | — | — | — |
| Days inventory outstanding (DIO) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Days payables outstanding (DPO) | — | 46.40 | 156.39 | 117.31 | 195.27 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash conversion cycle | 0.00 | 75.25 | 33.63 | 81.76 | 92.97 | — | — | — | — |
Cash flow quality
How well reported earnings translate into operating and free cash flow, plus reinvestment intensity.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating CF / Net income | 1.11 | -3.13 | 2.62 | 3.12 | 1.75 | 2.47 | 2.36 | 2.52 | 2.47 |
| FCF / Net income | 1.19 | -3.13 | 2.62 | 3.12 | 1.75 | 2.43 | 2.40 | 2.46 | 2.38 |
| FCF margin | +14.83% | +9.05% | +12.00% | +12.03% | +10.32% | +11.57% | +11.46% | +11.48% | +11.20% |
| OCF margin | +13.79% | +9.05% | +12.00% | +12.03% | +10.32% | +11.75% | +11.28% | +11.72% | +11.65% |
| CapEx / Revenue | +1.03% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| CapEx / D&A | 3.61 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
| Stock-based comp / Revenue | +0.40% | +0.39% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | — | — | — | — |
Per-share & shareholder yield
EPS, book value, sales, cash flow and dividends per share — plus payout / retention.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPS · diluted | 19.51 | -4.49 | 6.74 | 7.50 | 10.22 | 13.64 | 14.61 | 15.89 | 18.40 |
| EPS · basic | 22.56 | -4.49 | 6.76 | 7.54 | 10.16 | 13.84 | 14.41 | 15.84 | 18.23 |
| Book value / share | 160.49 | 85.73 | 81.94 | 83.85 | 101.68 | 86.11 | 88.51 | 91.70 | 96.52 |
| Tangible BV / share | 152.30 | 80.32 | 76.16 | 78.58 | 34.79 | 86.11 | 88.51 | 91.70 | 96.52 |
| Sales / share | 182.39 | 153.06 | 148.83 | 196.70 | 173.68 | 167.42 | 170.77 | 173.49 | 186.39 |
| Operating CF / share | 25.15 | 13.85 | 17.86 | 23.66 | 17.92 | 19.67 | 19.27 | 20.34 | 21.71 |
| Free cash flow / share | 27.04 | 13.85 | 17.86 | 23.66 | 17.92 | 19.36 | 19.58 | 19.92 | 20.88 |
| Dividends / share | 4.65 | 4.88 | 5.06 | 5.26 | 5.50 | 5.21 | 5.25 | 5.44 | 5.91 |
| Payout ratio | +20.46% | -110.32% | +74.20% | +69.34% | +53.86% | +65.43% | +64.38% | +67.38% | +67.33% |
| Retention ratio | +79.54% | +210.32% | +25.80% | +30.66% | +46.14% | +34.57% | +35.62% | +32.62% | +32.67% |
Growth
Year-over-year change for headline P&L lines, plus through-cycle CAGR
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 8y CAGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top-line | ||||||||||
| Revenue · YoY | — | -19.91% | -4.77% | +30.24% | -14.01% | -4.07% | +2.14% | +1.94% | +6.62% | -1.18% |
| Gross profit · YoY | — | -57.96% | +47.65% | -0.21% | +45.84% | -24.82% | +5.11% | -1.61% | +6.79% | -3.53% |
| Profit | ||||||||||
| Operating income · YoY | — | -117.46% | +262.37% | +4.46% | +49.11% | -28.09% | +2.94% | +2.34% | +6.31% | -12.12% |
| EBITDA · YoY | — | -116.08% | +269.13% | +19.65% | +36.78% | -28.10% | +7.71% | +0.72% | +4.16% | -11.94% |
| Net income · YoY | — | -118.57% | +251.06% | +9.61% | +31.13% | -22.52% | +2.69% | -0.64% | +7.78% | -12.50% |
| Operating | ||||||||||
| EBIT · YoY | — | -117.46% | +262.37% | +4.46% | +49.11% | -25.14% | +2.90% | +1.78% | +0.87% | -12.32% |
| R&D · YoY | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Per-share | ||||||||||
| EPS · diluted · YoY | — | -123.01% | +250.11% | +11.28% | +36.27% | +33.42% | +7.16% | +8.74% | +15.81% | -0.73% |
| EPS · basic · YoY | — | -119.90% | +250.56% | +11.54% | +34.75% | +36.19% | +4.15% | +9.94% | +15.08% | -2.63% |
Credit & leverage
Balance-sheet health + interest coverage + liquidity. Coverage ratios use period-end debt and trailing interest expense.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leverage | |||||||||
| Total debt | $19.62B | $21.06B | $20.87B | $21.57B | $33.28B | $24.46B | $24.46B | $24.67B | $26.19B |
| Net debt | $6.73B | $3.81B | $1.46B | $3.07B | $13.57B | $6.23B | $5.71B | $6.04B | $6.28B |
| Net debt / EBITDA | 0.61 | -2.14 | 0.48 | 0.86 | 2.76 | 1.76 | 1.50 | 1.58 | 1.57 |
| Debt / equity | 0.31 | 0.66 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.94 | 0.82 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.78 |
| Debt / assets | +2.09% | +3.06% | +2.89% | +2.93% | +4.30% | +3.41% | +3.35% | +3.31% | +3.34% |
| Equity / assets | +6.68% | +4.63% | +4.14% | +4.10% | +4.60% | +4.19% | +4.23% | +4.30% | +4.27% |
| Coverage | |||||||||
| EBITDA / interest expense | — | — | — | — | 2.33 | 5.29 | 5.60 | 5.43 | 5.41 |
| Operating income / interest | — | — | — | — | 2.27 | 5.16 | 5.21 | 5.14 | 5.23 |
| Interest expense | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $2.11B | $667.16M | $679.98M | $705.12M | $737.28M |
| Liquidity | |||||||||
| Current ratio | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Quick ratio | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Cash ratio | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $26.13B | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital / revenue | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | +42.99% | — | — | — | — |
Sourced from key_metrics + financial_ratios (loaded by load_fundamentals_extended.py).
Valuation
| Metric | FY 2025 | FY 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| P / E | — | — |
| P / B | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — |
| EV / Sales | 0.71x | 0.74x |
| Earnings yield | 9.0% | 6.4% |
| FCF yield | 15.8% | 20.1% |
Returns
| Metric | FY 2025 | FY 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Gross margin | — | — |
| Operating margin | — | — |
| Net margin | — | — |
| ROE | 11.0% | 9.8% |
| ROA | 0.5% | 0.4% |
| ROIC | 0.7% | 0.5% |
Leverage & liquidity
| Metric | FY 2025 | FY 2024 |
|---|---|---|
| Debt / equity | — | — |
| Net debt / EBITDA | 0.66 | 2.75 |
| Interest coverage | — | — |
| Current ratio | 0.61x | 1.87x |
| Quick ratio | — | — |
Methodology. ROE / ROA / ROC use period-end balance-sheet denominators (no average-of- period smoothing). ROIC = Operating Income × (1 − inferred effective tax rate) over invested capital, with the effective tax inferred from net-to-operating income when both are positive and a 25% default otherwise. Net debt / EBITDA, debt ratios, and interest-coverage ratios are calculated point-in-time at each fiscal year-end. TTM = trailing 4 quarters (income / cash flow summed, balance sheet = most-recent quarterly snapshot). Through-cycle CAGR in the Growth panel uses the geometric mean of first-to-last period growth across the window (positive values only).