Explain this page
Arphra AIPlain-English read on Ameren Corporation’s valuationRatios & metrics
Profitability, returns on capital, growth, and credit — all derived from the historical income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow rows in our data warehouse.
Valuation multiples
Price- and EV-based multiples plus shareholder yields. Snapshot at each fiscal year-end from key_metrics (FMP).
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Headline | |||||||||
| Market cap | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Enterprise value | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Multiples | |||||||||
| P / E | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| P / B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / EBITDA | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / Sales | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| EV / FCF | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Yields | |||||||||
| Earnings yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Dividend yield | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Profitability
Margin structure across the last 5 fiscal years
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Margins | |||||||||
| Gross margin | +46.78% | +42.01% | +46.23% | +47.92% | +29.58% | +40.79% | +42.33% | +40.61% | +40.55% |
| Operating margin | +20.85% | +19.04% | +20.77% | +19.89% | +23.03% | +20.70% | +21.36% | +21.37% | +21.48% |
| EBITDA margin | +43.98% | +39.95% | +45.41% | +46.41% | +41.98% | +44.55% | +44.53% | +44.84% | +45.36% |
| EBIT margin | +24.01% | +21.88% | +25.41% | +25.36% | +23.03% | +25.22% | +25.30% | +25.11% | +24.52% |
| Pre-tax margin | +18.02% | +15.77% | +17.87% | +16.66% | +18.15% | +17.48% | +17.58% | +17.94% | +17.52% |
| Net margin | +15.48% | +13.50% | +15.36% | +15.51% | +16.55% | +16.03% | +16.13% | +15.54% | +15.45% |
| Cost structure | |||||||||
| Cost of revenue / sales | +53.22% | +57.99% | +53.77% | +52.08% | +70.42% | +57.60% | +59.48% | +58.99% | +57.20% |
| R&D intensity | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| SG&A intensity | -2.13% | -2.31% | -3.93% | 0.00% | 0.00% | -1.35% | -1.28% | -1.33% | -1.29% |
| Effective tax rate | +13.63% | +14.02% | +13.66% | +6.54% | +8.52% | +9.79% | +9.37% | +9.37% | +9.46% |
Returns on capital
ROE / ROA / ROC / ROIC over the relevant capital base, plus the 3-step DuPont decomposition of ROE.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Returns | |||||||||
| Return on equity (ROE) | +10.07% | +10.10% | +10.04% | +9.65% | +10.76% | +10.50% | +10.21% | +9.88% | +10.10% |
| Return on assets (ROA) | +2.77% | +2.83% | +2.82% | +2.65% | +3.00% | +2.83% | +2.81% | +2.83% | +2.79% |
| Return on capital (ROC) | +5.69% | +5.89% | +5.57% | +4.90% | +6.07% | +5.34% | +5.50% | +5.53% | +5.70% |
| Return on invested capital (ROIC) | +4.22% | +4.17% | +4.12% | +3.82% | +4.36% | +4.14% | +4.16% | +4.02% | +4.10% |
| Asset turnover | +17.89% | +20.99% | +18.37% | +17.09% | +18.15% | +17.68% | +17.42% | +18.23% | +18.03% |
| DuPont · ROE decomposition | |||||||||
| Net margin | +15.48% | +13.50% | +15.36% | +15.51% | +16.55% | +16.03% | +16.13% | +15.54% | +15.45% |
| Asset turnover (× revenue / assets) | +17.89% | +20.99% | +18.37% | +17.09% | +18.15% | +17.68% | +17.42% | +18.23% | +18.03% |
| Equity multiplier (× assets / equity) | +363.57% | +356.34% | +355.72% | +364.27% | +358.29% | +370.38% | +363.62% | +348.72% | +362.79% |
Activity & efficiency
Turnover ratios and days-outstanding — how efficiently the business converts assets and working capital into sales and cash.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turnover | |||||||||
| Asset turnover | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.18 | 0.18 |
| Fixed-asset turnover | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.22 | — | — | — | — |
| Inventory turnover | 5.75 | 6.92 | 5.50 | 5.21 | 8.01 | — | — | — | — |
| Receivables turnover | 7.80 | 7.23 | 8.16 | 7.88 | 7.41 | — | — | — | — |
| Payables turnover | 3.11 | 3.98 | 3.55 | 3.75 | 4.94 | — | — | — | — |
| Days outstanding | |||||||||
| Days sales outstanding (DSO) | 46.81 | 50.46 | 44.72 | 46.30 | 49.24 | — | — | — | — |
| Days inventory outstanding (DIO) | 63.50 | 52.76 | 66.34 | 70.06 | 45.60 | — | — | — | — |
| Days payables outstanding (DPO) | 117.45 | 91.69 | 102.81 | 97.36 | 73.87 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash conversion cycle | -7.14 | 11.54 | 8.25 | 19.00 | 20.96 | — | — | — | — |
Cash flow quality
How well reported earnings translate into operating and free cash flow, plus reinvestment intensity.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating CF / Net income | 1.68 | 2.11 | 2.23 | 2.34 | 2.30 | 2.20 | 2.30 | 2.29 | 2.40 |
| FCF / Net income | -1.88 | -1.04 | -1.05 | -1.39 | -0.53 | -0.99 | -0.98 | -1.01 | -0.99 |
| FCF margin | -29.12% | -14.04% | -16.09% | -21.61% | -8.81% | -15.82% | -15.75% | -15.77% | -15.27% |
| OCF margin | +25.98% | +28.44% | +34.19% | +36.25% | +38.11% | +35.32% | +37.06% | +35.64% | +37.03% |
| CapEx / Revenue | +55.10% | +42.48% | +50.28% | +57.85% | +46.91% | +51.68% | +51.89% | +52.64% | +53.00% |
| CapEx / D&A | 2.76 | 2.35 | 2.51 | 2.75 | 2.47 | — | — | — | — |
| Stock-based comp / Revenue | +0.34% | +0.30% | +0.35% | +0.37% | +0.32% | — | — | — | — |
Per-share & shareholder yield
EPS, book value, sales, cash flow and dividends per share — plus payout / retention.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPS · diluted | 3.84 | 4.14 | 4.38 | 4.42 | 5.35 | 5.38 | 5.81 | 6.29 | 6.82 |
| EPS · basic | 3.86 | 4.16 | 4.38 | 4.43 | 5.38 | 5.44 | 5.84 | 6.29 | 6.89 |
| Book value / share | 38.16 | 40.99 | 43.58 | 45.79 | 49.71 | 51.74 | 55.73 | 59.67 | 61.38 |
| Tangible BV / share | 36.56 | 39.41 | 42.02 | 44.25 | 48.20 | 51.74 | 55.73 | 59.67 | 61.38 |
| Sales / share | 24.82 | 30.66 | 28.47 | 28.51 | 32.33 | 33.89 | 35.29 | 37.93 | 40.14 |
| Operating CF / share | 6.45 | 8.72 | 9.73 | 10.33 | 12.32 | 11.97 | 13.08 | 13.52 | 14.87 |
| Free cash flow / share | -7.23 | -4.30 | -4.58 | -6.16 | -2.85 | -5.36 | -5.56 | -5.98 | -6.13 |
| Dividends / share | 2.19 | 2.35 | 2.51 | 2.67 | 2.82 | 2.98 | 3.08 | 3.41 | 3.70 |
| Payout ratio | +57.07% | +56.80% | +57.47% | +60.41% | +52.75% | +54.82% | +54.17% | +57.78% | +59.68% |
| Retention ratio | +42.93% | +43.20% | +42.53% | +39.59% | +47.25% | +45.18% | +45.83% | +42.22% | +40.32% |
Growth
Year-over-year change for headline P&L lines, plus through-cycle CAGR
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E | 8y CAGR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top-line | ||||||||||
| Revenue · YoY | — | +24.44% | -5.74% | +1.64% | +15.43% | +4.55% | +5.31% | +6.19% | +5.26% | +6.81% |
| Gross profit · YoY | — | +11.77% | +3.71% | +5.36% | -28.74% | +44.16% | +9.27% | +1.88% | +5.12% | +4.92% |
| Profit | ||||||||||
| Operating income · YoY | — | +13.65% | +2.84% | -2.70% | +33.64% | -6.03% | +8.70% | +6.21% | +5.80% | +7.20% |
| EBITDA · YoY | — | +13.05% | +7.14% | +3.88% | +4.41% | +10.94% | +5.26% | +6.93% | +6.48% | +7.22% |
| Net income · YoY | — | +8.48% | +7.26% | +2.60% | +23.18% | +1.27% | +5.98% | +2.29% | +4.66% | +6.78% |
| Operating | ||||||||||
| EBIT · YoY | — | +13.42% | +9.48% | +1.42% | +4.81% | +14.51% | +5.65% | +5.38% | +2.81% | +7.09% |
| R&D · YoY | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Per-share | ||||||||||
| EPS · diluted · YoY | — | +7.81% | +5.80% | +0.91% | +21.04% | +0.51% | +7.98% | +8.37% | +8.40% | +7.45% |
| EPS · basic · YoY | — | +7.77% | +5.29% | +1.14% | +21.44% | +1.07% | +7.41% | +7.71% | +9.55% | +7.51% |
Credit & leverage
Balance-sheet health + interest coverage + liquidity. Coverage ratios use period-end debt and trailing interest expense.
ActualEstimate
| In USD | FY 2021 | FY 2022 | FY 2023 | FY 2024 | FY 2025 | 2026E | 2027E | 2028E | 2029E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leverage | |||||||||
| Total debt | $13.61B | $15.1B | $16.51B | $18.72B | $19.83B | $21.6B | $22.3B | $23.55B | $24.23B |
| Net debt | $13.6B | $15.09B | $16.48B | $18.72B | $19.82B | $21.58B | $22.28B | $23.53B | $24.2B |
| Net debt / EBITDA | 4.84 | 4.75 | 4.84 | 5.29 | 5.36 | 5.27 | 5.17 | 5.10 | 4.93 |
| Debt / equity | 1.38 | 1.42 | 1.44 | 1.53 | 1.47 | 1.54 | 1.46 | 1.46 | 1.46 |
| Debt / assets | +38.09% | +39.82% | +40.43% | +41.98% | +40.91% | +41.52% | +40.09% | +41.73% | +40.33% |
| Equity / assets | +27.51% | +28.06% | +28.11% | +27.45% | +27.91% | +27.00% | +27.50% | +28.68% | +27.56% |
| Coverage | |||||||||
| EBITDA / interest expense | 7.34 | 6.54 | 6.02 | 5.34 | 4.76 | 5.19 | 5.24 | 5.41 | 5.58 |
| Operating income / interest | 3.48 | 3.12 | 2.75 | 2.29 | 2.61 | 2.41 | 2.51 | 2.58 | 2.64 |
| Interest expense | $383M | $486M | $566M | $663M | $776M | $789.31M | $822.9M | $852.9M | $880.17M |
| Liquidity | |||||||||
| Current ratio | 0.70 | 0.79 | 0.65 | 0.66 | 0.66 | — | — | — | — |
| Quick ratio | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.31 | — | — | — | — |
| Cash ratio | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital | -$858M | -$698M | -$1.16B | -$1.15B | -$1.34B | — | — | — | — |
| Working capital / revenue | -13.42% | -8.77% | -15.52% | -15.07% | -15.18% | — | — | — | — |
Methodology. ROE / ROA / ROC use period-end balance-sheet denominators (no average-of- period smoothing). ROIC = Operating Income × (1 − inferred effective tax rate) over invested capital, with the effective tax inferred from net-to-operating income when both are positive and a 25% default otherwise. Net debt / EBITDA, debt ratios, and interest-coverage ratios are calculated point-in-time at each fiscal year-end. TTM = trailing 4 quarters (income / cash flow summed, balance sheet = most-recent quarterly snapshot). Through-cycle CAGR in the Growth panel uses the geometric mean of first-to-last period growth across the window (positive values only).